New species of Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) parasitizing Heteromys salvini (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) from Costa Rica, with a key to Trichuris species described from Heteromyidae / Nova espécie de Trichuris (Nematoda: Trichuridae) de Heteromys salvini (Rodentia: Heteromyidae) na Costa Rica, com uma chave para as espécies de Trichuris descritas em Heteromyidae

Abstract Trichuris guanacastei n sp., a parasite isolated from the Salvin' spiny mouse Heteromys salvini, collected from the Guanacaste Conservation Area, Costa Rica, during February 1996 is described. The new species was compared morphologically with the 29 known species that parasitize rodents distributed in 12 families in North and South America; T. guanacastei n. sp. it is characterized by the following set of traits: presence of a spicular tube (measuring 0.72-0.99); thick proximal cloacal tube and a short distal cloacal tube with a total length of 0.72-1.36; eggs 0.03-0.05 long and a semi-protrusible vulva. The new species represents the first one described in the genus in Costa Rica and the fifth one described in the Americas that parasite Heteromyidae.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever Trichuris guanacastei n. sp., um parasita isolado do rato espinhoso de Salvin, Heteromys salvini, coletado na Área de Conservação de Guanacaste, Costa Rica, durante fevereiro de 1996. A nova espécie foi comparada morfologicamente a 29 espécies conhecidas que parasitam roedores, distribuídas em 12 famílias na América do Norte e do Sul. T. guanacastei n. sp. é caracterizado pelo seguinte conjunto de características: presença de um tubo espicular (que mede 0.72-0.99); tubo proximal cloacal e um tubo distal cloacal com uma longitude total de 0.72-1.36; ovos de 0.03-0.05 de largura e uma vulva semi-protrusible. A nova espécie representa a primeira descrita do gênero na Costa Rica e a quinta descrita nas Américas que parasita Heteromyidae.

Paleoparasitological Surveys for Detection of Helminth Eggs in Archaeological Sites of Jeolla-do and Jeju-do

A paleoparasitological survey to detect helminth eggs was performed in archaeological sites of Jeolla-do and Jeju-do, the Republic of Korea. Total 593 soil samples were collected in 12 sites of Jeolla-do and 5 sites of Jeju-do from April to November 2011, and examined by the methods of Pike and coworkers. A total of 4 helminth eggs, 2 eggs each for Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris sp., were found in soil samples from 1 site, in Hyangyang-ri, Jangheung-eup, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do. The egg-recovery layer was presumed to represent a 19th century farm, which fact suggested the use of human manures. This is the third archaeological discovery of parasite eggs in Jeolla-do. Additionally, no helminth eggs in archaeological sites of Jeju-do is an interesting problem to be solved in the further investigations.

Molecular Identification of Oesophagostomum and Trichuris Eggs Isolated from Wild Japanese Macaques

Natural habitat fragmentation and reducing habitat quality have resulted in an increased appearance of Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata (Gray, 1870), in suburban areas in Japan. To investigate the risk of zoonotic infections, a coprological survey of helminth eggs passed by wild Japanese macaques was carried out in 2009 and 2010 in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Microscopic examination found helminth eggs in high prevalence, and nucleotide sequencing of DNA extracted from the eggs identified Oesophagostomum cf. aculeatum and Trichuris trichiura. A fecal culture also detected infective larvae of Strongyloides fuelleborni. These zoonotic nematodes pose a potential health issue to local people in areas frequented by Japanese macaques.

Description of Trichuris travassosi n. sp. (Nematoda:Trichurinae) from a brasilian rodent, by light and scanning electron microscopy

A new species of a trichurid nematode Trichuris travassosi n. sp., recovered from a wild rodent in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, is described and compared to T. myocastoris (Enigk, 1933) and their differentiation was on the basis of detailed morphometrical study. Oryzomys nigripes (Olfers, 1818) is a new host record for the genus. The denomination spicular prepuce is proposed to designate the structure previously named spicular sheath and, conversely, spicular sheath to indicate the cuticle that convers the spicule